Bachelor Of Sciences With Honours (Industrial Chemical Technology)

1 Julai 2009,akhirnya aku melangkahkn kaki ke Universiti.Mcm xpercaye yg aku sedang study degree selepas setahun berada di matrik.ape pn,aku bersyukur sebab diberi peluang utk melanjutkn pelajaran dan menimba ilmu di menara gading.Act,aku dpt UNIMAS mse mle2 aku dpt tau yg aku dpt penempatan universiti.Mse 2,mmg seronok sbb cita2 aku nk blajar kt M'sia Timur.Doa aku depan Kaabah salah satunya termakbul.Kt UNIMAS aku dpt program Sarjana Muda Pembangunan Sumber Manusia.Tp,aku xpegi pn UNIMAS 2.Sbbnyer,umi ngn ayah xbg.Kite,klu nk buat ape2 pn kene ada restu ibu bapa.Kata ayah,dgn keadaan aku yg xbpe nk sehat lg ni,risau nk bg pegi jauh2.Walaupn utk blajar.Aku tau npe umi ngn ayah xbg.Mgkn jgk bkn jd rezeki aku utk blajar kt M'sia Timur wlupn itu adlh cita2 aku.aku xmampu nk ckp ngn umi ngn ayah yg aku nk pegi M'sia Timur 2 sbb nk tgglkn Semenanjung yg penuh ngn kepahitan.Aku nk lpekn kenangan pahit dan mlekn hidup baru.Tp,demi harapan umi ngn ayah,aku hanya menurut ape yg mereka kata.Alhamdulillah,aku dpt jgk tmpt wlupn bkn di M'sia Timur lg.Sekarang,aku berada di Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia dgn mengambil jurusan Sarjana Muda Dengan Kepujian Teknologi Kimia Industri.Mle2 aku rse jauh menyimpang dr profession sbnr.Tp,xsalahkn kalau kita blajar semua.Sekarang,major aku adlh Kimia.Nk jd rezeki aku berada d USIM utk 4 thn.Tp,aku percaya yg rezeki Allah ada di mana2.Aku tau,mgkn ada org akn ckp yg aku masih bergantung pd ibu bapa sedangkn aku dh boleh berdikari.Biarlh aku ikut kemahuan umi ngn ayah selg aku masih hidup.Sbb,mse aku kecewa akibat putus cinta dlu,umi yg dtg pujuk.Umi yg nangis sme2 ngn aku dgr citer aku.mmg dlu aku akui aku buta dlm menilai kasih ibu dan cinta org yg aku cintai mse 2.Aku tau kasih ibu membawa ke syurga tp,cinta pd manusia xkekal lme.Mse aku di diagnose pendarahan otak,umi ngn ayah yg jaga aku.Mse aku xde kekuatn utk buat laser,umi ngn ayah yg bg sokongan utk aku teruskn rawatan.Org mgkn xtau ape yg aku lalui selme hr nie.Sekarang adlh mse utk aku balas jasa umi ngn ayah.Aku janji aku akn bg kejayaan pd umi ngn ayah.Aku akn cbe smpi aku mampu.Wlupn aku masih bergantung pd umi ngn ayah.Cita2 aku seterusnyer adlh utk jd Dekan.Aku akn cbe.Insya Allah...

Menyahut Seruan Baitullah

8 Jun 2009,aku dan famili telah berangkat ke Tanah Arab untuk mengerjakan ibadah Umrah buat pertama kali.Bertolak dari KLIA pukul 3.20 minit petang dan sampai di King Abdul Aziz International Airport pd pukul 7 mlm waktu Jeddah.Mse 2,waktu Malaysia Pukul 12 tgh mlm.Dr Jeddah,kitorg ngn lg 1 famili bergerak ke Madinah.Perjalanan dr Jeddah ke Madinah mengambil masa 5 jam.Dan,kitorg sampai di Madinah pukul 3.45 pg waktu tempatan.Sampai je kt Madinah,kitorg terus check in Hotel.Alhamdulillah,hotel 2 dekat ngn Masjid Nabawi.Pertama kali berada di Tanah Haram Madinah sgt menyeronokkan. Apetah lg dpt solat setiap waktu solat dlm Masjid Nabawi.3 hari kami di Madinah,berbagai tempat bersejarah telah kami lawati.Sgt seronok berada di bumi Madinah.Walaupun cuaca di Tanah Arab ketika itu mencecah 48 darjah Celcius.Sgt panas berbanding Malaysia.Selepas 3 hari di Madinah,kami bergerak ke Mekah.Bertolak dari Madinah dh lps Zohor (12.30 tgh hr).Sampai di Masjid Bir Ali,kami niat Ihram sebelum masuk Tanah Suci Mekah.Perjalanan dr Madinah ke Mekah mengambil masa 5 jam.Kami sampai di Mekah pada pukul 11.30 mlm waktu tempatan.Sesampai jer di Mekah,Kami check in hotel dlu,lps tu baru bergerak ke Masjidil Haram.Pertama kali melangkahkan kaki ke dalam Masjidil Haram amat menenangkan.Apetah lg dapat melihat Kaabah betul2 dihadapan mata.Menangis la jugak sbb terharu kerana dapat bertemu Baitullah secara berdepan.Kami melakukan Umrah pertama kami dgn memulakan Tawaf sebyk 7 kali dan seterusnya Saie' sebanyak 7 kali dan akhirnya bergunting utk lepas drpd larangan ketika Ihram.Dpt pulak Solat 5 waktu dlm Masjidil Haram.Amat menenangkan.Rasa bersyukur sgt sbb dpt melihat kiblat utama Umat Islam berasa di depan mata.Apetah lg dpt solat betul2 berhadapan Kaabah.Besarnya kebesaran Allah itu apabila melihat Kaabah berdiri teguh sambil menunggu Umat Islam seluruh dunia mengelilinginya.Org jgn cakapla.Kaabah tak pernah lengang dgn org yg melakukan Tawaf dan Masjidil Haram tak pernah lengang dgn org yg dtg utk melakukan ibadah.Bila sampai waktu nk balik ke Malaysia,rasa mcm tak nak balik.Bumi Mekah adlh bumi yg paling aman dan tenteram.Sgt menenangkan apabila dpt melihat Kaabah.Org kata,tempat mustajab doa adlh di depan Kaabah.Alhamdulillah,salah 1 dari doa aku Allah dah dengar.Semoga aku dpt kembali lg utk meyahut seruan Baitullah.

Kehidupan Seorang Gynaecologist

Bermula dari pukul 8 pagi,seorang doktor Gynae (Sakit Puan) memulakan tugas dengan me'round' wad sehingga semua pesakit atau ibu2 yg bersalin diperiksa.Selesai tugas memeriksa,beliau akan melihat beberapa kes yg dirujuk kepada beliau.Beliau sering mendapat panggilan bagi melakukan operation terhadap ibu2 yg tidak dapat bersalin secara normal.Di sini,aku dapat melihat cara kerja beliau di dalam dewan bedah @ operation theatre (OT). Segala kelengkapan telah disediakan oleh nurse yg bertugas.Bermula dgn ibu yg perlu dibedah dibawa masuk ke OT.Setelah diberi anestesia (ubat bius) kpd ibu tersebut,bermulalah pembedahan kecil di perut ibu dengan bukaan hanya 1 jengkal. Kemudian, beberapa lapisan dibuka utk sampai kepada abdomen ibu sampai nampak kepala baby.Then,beliau akan berusaha utk mengeluarkan baby bg mengelakkan baby mati lemas dlm perut ibu.Pengalaman masuk OT utk melihat ibu bersalin sgt2 manis.Tanpa rasa takut aku melihat cara beliau bekerja.Sgt profesional.Good job Makde!.Teringin nk jd mcm beliau.Tp,aku tau aku tak mampu.Pengalaman plg manis ikut my auntie,seorg gynaecologist msk OT utk wt scissors.So,kpd wanita2 diluar sana,tak perlulah rasa takut.Bukan sakit pun.Aku sendiri pernah masuk OT.Tp,utk skt lainla.Bkn nk bersalin.Aku dh tengok 2 cara org bersalin.So,nothin' to be afraid of!=)

Kesinambungan Kisah Kesakitan Aku!!

Kenape aku bg title kesinambungan??
~This for those yg sentiasa mengikuti perkembangan aku especially kwn2 yg ambil berat psl aku.Hope korg xmarah aku lg lps nie sbb xbg tau korg yg aku masuk hospital.Thanx kwn2!!~

Sbb aku nk citer psl ape yg baru diberitahu oleh Mister Nujaimin, Pakar Radiosurgery Hospital Kuala Lumpur pada 29 April 2009 yg sudah. Kate Dr. Nujaimin, mse nie kite xnmpk lg kesan radiosurgery hari tue. But, every month kite akn buat medical checkup and every six month kite akn jumpe utk buat rawatan. Kte Dr lg, radiosurgery yg kite buat tahun lepas ada kesannyer. Kesan positif, salur darah tue akn mati dan yg xbest didengar adalah kesan negatif di mana kawasan otak yg mengalami laser hari tue akn mula mereput. Agk2nyer kn, ape akn jadi kalau bahagian tue mereput?? Pada aku, ianya satu tanda tanya yg sgt merunsingkan. Dr. cakap " kamu kene ingat yg potensi untuk dapat pendarahan ke-2 masih boleh berlaku.Ingat jangan fikir" lebih kurang macam tue la Dr. Nujaimin ckp. Apepn, dlm 6 bulan dari sekarang, aku sekali lg akan melakukan Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Bagi aku, prosedur biasa sbb dh byk kali buat. Rawatan nie mungkin akan mengambil masa selame 10 tahun lg untuk pastikan otak aku betul2 bersih dari AVM.So, dat's it. Next story, wait until six month.. Chow~
{AVM Patient's}

WHAT IS AVM??

Cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a malformed collection of blood vessels within the brain, characterized by tangle(s) of veins and arteries. While an arteriovenous malformation can occur elsewhere in the body, this article discusses malformations found in the brain.

Symptoms
The most frequently observed problems related to an AVM are headaches and seizures. These symptoms vary from extremely mild neurological events (e.g. unusual sensations) to uncontrolled grand mal seizures. Moreover, AVMs in certain critical locations may stop the circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid, causing accumulation of the fluid within the skull and giving rise to a clinical condition called hydrocephalus.
Symptoms of bleeding within the brain (intracranial hemorrhage) include loss of consciousness, sudden and severe headache, nausea, vomiting, incontinence, and blurred vision, amongst others. Minor bleeding can occur with no noticeable symptoms. A stiff neck can occur as the result of increased pressure within the skull and irritation of the meninges. Impairments caused by local brain tissue damage on the bleed site are possible, including seizure, one-sided weakness (hemiparesis), a loss of touch sensation on one side of the body and deficits in language processing (aphasia). A variety of other symptoms can accompany this type of cerebrovascular accident.
Generally, intense headache, perhaps coincident with seizure or loss of bodily consciousness, is the first indication of a cerebral AVM. Estimates of the number of AVM-afflicted people in the United States range from 0.1% to 0.001% of the population.


Diagnosis
An AVM diagnosis is established by neuroimaging studies. A computed tomography scan of the head (head CT) is usually performed—this can reveal the site of the bleed. More detailed pictures of the tangle of blood vessels that compose an AVM can be obtained by using radioactive reagents injected into the blood stream, then observed using a fluoroscope or Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). A spinal tap (lumbar puncture) can be used to examine spinal fluid for red blood cells; this condition is indicative of leakage of blood from the bleeding vessels into the subarachnoid space. The best images of an AVM are obtained through cerebral angiography. This procedure involves using a catheter, threaded through an artery up to the head, to deliver a contrast agent into the AVM. As the contrast agent flows through the AVM structure, a sequence of X-ray images can be obtained to ascertain the size, shape and extent of that structure.


Treatment
The treatment in the case of sudden bleeding is focused on restoration of vital function. Anticonvulsant medications such as phenytoin are often used to control seizure; medications or procedures may be employed to relieve intracranial pressure. Eventually, curative treatment may be required to prevent recurrent hemorrhage. However, any type of intervention may also carry a risk of creating a neurological deficit.
In the U.S., surgical removal of the blood vessels involved (craniotomy) is the preferred curative treatment for most types of AVM. While this surgery results in an immediate, complete removal of the AVM, risks exist depending on the size and the location of the malformation.
Radiation treatment (radiosurgery) has been widely used on smaller AVMs with considerable success. The Gamma Knife, developed by Swedish physician Lars Leksell, is one apparatus used in radiosurgery to precisely apply a controlled radiation dosage to the volume of the brain occupied by the AVM. While this treatment is non-invasive, two to three years may pass before the complete effects are known. Complete occlusion of the AVM may or may not occur, and 8%-10% of patients develop long term neurological symptoms after radiation.[citation needed]
Embolization, that is, occlusion of blood vessels with coils or particles or glue introduced by a radiographically guided catheter, is frequently used as an adjunct to either surgery or radiation treatment. However, embolization alone is rarely successful in completely blocking blood flow through the AVM.
The benefit of invasive treatment for unruptured AVMs has never been proven, as the risk of intervention may be as high as the spontaneous bleeding risk. An international study is currently under way to determine the best therapy for patients with unruptured AVMs (ARUBA—A Randomized Trial of Unruptured Brain AVMs.

GENETIC TECHNOLOGY

Genetic engineering, recombinant DNA technology, genetic modification/manipulation (GM) and gene splicing are terms that apply to the direct manipulation of an organism's genes.[1] Genetic engineering is different from traditional breeding, where the organism's genes are manipulated indirectly. Genetic engineering uses the techniques of molecular cloning and transformation to alter the structure and characteristics of genes directly. Genetic engineering techniques have found some successes in numerous applications. Some examples are in improving crop technology, the manufacture of synthetic human insulin through the use of modified bacteria, the manufacture of erythropoietin in hamster ovary cells, and the production of new types of experimental mice such as the oncomouse (cancer mouse) for research.
The term "genetic engineering" was coined in Jack Williamson's science fiction novel Dragon's Island, published in 1951, two years before James Watson and Francis Crick showed that DNA could be the medium of transmission of genetic information.

Testing for a genetic variation could predict the likelihood that a patient will respond well to certain statins. But some researchers say it's too soon to use the variation to determine treatment.
Researchers from Celera reported yesterday in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology that a single substitution in the sequence of a gene called KIF6 makes people both more susceptible to heart attacks and more responsive to certain drugs that lower cholesterol. Though there is no known biological explanation linking the variation to heart disease, the study found that it increases the risk of heart attacks and strokes by 55 percent.
Celera, the company best known for sequencing the human genome, examined 35 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 30,000 patients. Of those, "KIF6 is by far the most significant," says Thomas J. White, chief scientific officer at Celera. In fact, nearly 60 percent of the study population was found to carry the KIF6 variant. (According to the study, these findings take into account other factors, such as smoking, high blood pressure, and cholesterol levels.)
The researchers also found that carriers of the KIF6 variant responded better to the cholesterol-lowering drugs pravastatin (Pravachol) and atorvastatin (Lipitor). For example, among patients with the genetic variation, those who took pravastatin were 37 percent less likely to experience a heart attack than those who took the placebo. Those without the genetic variation who took the drug were only 14 percent less likely to experience a heart attack than those who took the placebo. Statins are big sellers for the pharmaceutical industry. In 2006, Lipitor, the world's best-selling drug, brought in $13 billion in global sales.
"This is one of the first studies to show an interaction with therapy" and genotype, says Marc Sabatine, professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School and a coauthor on one of the papers. "That is very exciting to see."
Surprisingly, the researchers found that KIF6 doesn't appear to work by lowering levels of LDL or "bad" cholesterol, the standard by which drugs used to prevent heart attacks are normally measured. White says that KIF6 may instead act by stabilizing "vulnerable plaques," which are particularly prone to triggering heart attacks.
Celera is developing a diagnostic that would test for the KIF6 variant and expects to launch it in a few months.
But some experts caution that it may be premature to introduce such diagnostic tests before there is further confirmation of KIF6's role in heart disease.

Even if there are beneficial results, the standard should be that you need to document that knowing the genetic information is clinically useful," says Sekar Kathiresan, director of preventive cardiology at Massachusetts General Hospital.
Coronary heart disease caused one of every five deaths in the United States in 2006, so scientists have for quite some time been on the hunt for genes linked to heart attacks.
Rapid advances in technology have made that task much easier. At the same time, many of the genetic links to heart disease identified so far haven't held up on further analysis. At present, the only credible link is to a variant of the gene 9p21, identified last year by the Icelandic company deCODE Genetics, says Kathiresan. DeCODE offers a $200 diagnostic test for the 9p21 variant. (See "Gene Variant Linked to Heart Disease.")
A second gene, PCSK9, also looks promising, Kathiresan adds. "Nearly everything else is in the realm of 'possible but not definite.'"
It's good that KIF6 has been identified as a potential risk factor in several different studies, Kathiresan says. In each of the studies, he notes, there is less than a one-in-20 probability that the finding is a result of chance, which is generally considered an acceptable threshold for statistical significance.
But because of the high possibility of false positives, the threshold for genome-wide association studies should be much higher, on the order of one in 20 million, Kathiresan says. Both the 9p21 and the PCSK9 pass that test, he says.
"The key issue here is we don't know if these [KIF6 studies] are real results," Kathiresan says. "You need to show that it is clinically useful, and they have not crossed that threshold."

WHAT IS THE BEST ABOUT BIOTECHNOLOGY

Biotechnology is technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine.Any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use.Biotechnology is often used to refer to genetic engineering technology of the 21st century, however the term encompasses a wider range and history of procedures for modifying biological organisms according to the needs of humanity, going back to the initial modifications of native plants into improved food crops through artificial selection and hybridization. Bioengineering is the science upon which all biotechnological applications are based. With the development of new approaches and modern techniques, traditional biotechnology industries are also acquiring new horizons enabling them to improve the quality of their products and increase the productivity of their systems.

Before 1971, the term, biotechnology, was primarily used in the food processing and agriculture industries. Since the 1970s, it began to be used by the Western scientific establishment to refer to laboratory-based techniques being developed in biological research, such as recombinant DNA or tissue culture-based processes, or horizontal gene transfer in living plants, using vectors such as the Agrobacterium bacteria to transfer DNA into a host organism. In fact, the term should be used in a much broader sense to describe the whole range of methods, both ancient and modern, used to manipulate organic materials to reach the demands of food production. So the term could be defined as, "The application of indigenous and/or scientific knowledge to the management of (parts of) microorganisms, or of cells and tissues of higher organisms, so that these supply goods and services of use to the food industry and its consumers.Biotechnology combines disciplines like genetics, molecular biology, biochemistry, embryology and cell biology, which are in turn linked to practical disciplines like chemical engineering, information technology, and biorobotics. Patho-biotechnology describes the exploitation of pathogens or pathogen derived compounds for beneficial effect.

Biotechnology has applications in four major industrial areas, including health care (medical), crop production and agriculture, non food (industrial) uses of crops and other products (e.g. biodegradable plastics, vegetable oil, biofuels), and environmental uses.
For example, one application of biotechnology is the directed use of organisms for the manufacture of organic products (examples include beer and milk products). Another example is using naturally present bacteria by the mining industry in bioleaching. Biotechnology is also used to recycle, treat waste, clean up sites contaminated by industrial activities (bioremediation), and also to produce biological weapons.